<\/p>\n\n\n
<\/p>\n
\n\n“Automne 1956. Fuyant la Hongrie et l\u2019Insurrection rat\u00e9e contre l\u2019occupant sovi\u00e9tique, quelque 200 000 personnes rejoignent l\u2019Ouest en quelques semaines. Ces r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s ont rarement fait l\u2019objet d\u2019\u00e9tudes en histoire sociale. Un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne \u00e0 mi-chemin entre histoire politique et sociale a \u00e9t\u00e9 particuli\u00e8rement occult\u00e9 dans l\u2019historiographie : le retour d\u2019une partie d\u2019entre eux vers la Hongrie post-1956 de J\u00e1nos K\u00e1d\u00e1r. Quelles \u00e9taient les motivations de ces personnes ? Cet article analyse le ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne des rapatriements depuis la Suisse, un pays ayant accueilli les Hongrois\u00b7es de mani\u00e8re particuli\u00e8rement enthousiaste. Les interpr\u00e9tations de l\u2019\u00e9poque sont teint\u00e9es de la comp\u00e9tition \u00e0 laquelle se livraient les deux syst\u00e8mes. En Hongrie, on clame que ces rapatri\u00e9\u00b7e\u00b7s ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9\u00e7us d\u2019un monde capitaliste, pas aussi rose que ne le d\u00e9crivait Radio Free Europe<\/em>. En Occident, on d\u00e9crit les rapatri\u00e9\u00b7e\u00b7s comme des faibles, soit parce qu\u2019ils ne sont pas \u00e0 la hauteur de la chance que leur a offert le \u00ab monde libre \u00bb en leur donnant l\u2019asile, soit parce que bern\u00e9s par la campagne des autorit\u00e9s hongroises pour faire revenir les dissident\u00b7e\u00b7s. Au-del\u00e0 du caract\u00e8re tr\u00e8s politis\u00e9 de ce flux migratoire, notre analyse micro-historique r\u00e9v\u00e8le les dynamiques individuelles et familiales, sociales et culturelles \u00e0 l\u2019origine de ces rapatriements.”<\/p>\n
“In Autumn 1956, some 200,000 refugees reached the \u201cFree world\u201d in a few weeks having fled Hungary and the failed Uprising against the Soviet occupation. This event has received little attention by social historians. Moreover, the return of some Hungarian refugees to J\u00e1nos K\u00e1d\u00e1r\u2019s Hungary after 1956, a phenomenon halfway between political and social history, remains understudied. What were the motivations of these people ? This article analyzes the phenomenon of repatriations from Switzerland, a country which enthusiastically welcomed Hungarians. It shows that the competition between the two political systems shaped the interpretations of these returns. Communist observers claimed that those who returned were disappointed by the capitalist world, the latter being far from the positive image depicted by Radio Free Europe. In Western Europe, the \u201cre-defectors\u201d were often described as weak. According to this vision, they either missed the great opportunity of establishing themselves in the free world or were easily convinced by the Hungarian authorities\u2019 campaign to bring back the dissidents. Beyond the highly politicized nature of this migratory flow, this micro-historical analysis reveals the individual and family, social and cultural dynamics behind these repatriations.”<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Author(s) : Tiphaine Robert Source : https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3917\/adh.143.0159<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[722,7,37,137,613,52,700,122,20,138,206,94,46],"class_list":["post-35172","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history","tag-722","tag-article","tag-attitudes-towards-migrants","tag-emigration","tag-forced-migration","tag-french-language","tag-hungarians","tag-migrants","tag-migration-flows","tag-migration-motives","tag-political-activities","tag-political-system","tag-return-migration"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35172","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=35172"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35172\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=35172"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=35172"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=35172"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}