{"id":1882,"date":"2018-01-26T15:09:53","date_gmt":"2018-01-26T14:09:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/swissmig.wordpress.com\/?p=1882"},"modified":"2018-01-26T15:09:53","modified_gmt":"2018-01-26T14:09:53","slug":"etudiants-du-sud-en-suisse-romande-de-la-precarite-lors-des-etudes-aux-risques-de-brain-waste-dans-le-cadre-de-la-mobilite-internationale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/?p=1882","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9tudiants du \u00ab Sud \u00bb en Suisse romande : de la pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 lors des \u00e9tudes aux risques de brain waste dans le cadre de la mobilit\u00e9 internationale"},"content":{"rendered":"

Author(s) : Claudio Bolzman, Ibrahima Guiss\u00e9<\/h3>\n

Source : https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3917\/jim.005.0133 <\/a><\/h3>\n

Abstract: <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c0 l\u2019\u00e8re de la globalisation, la mobilit\u00e9 internationale des \u00e9tudiants est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme une valeur importante par les \u00e9tablissements d\u2019\u00e9ducation sup\u00e9rieure et les gouvernements europ\u00e9ens. Diff\u00e9rents \u00c9tats cherchent en effet \u00e0 attirer les \u00abcerveaux\u00a0\u00bb dans leurs \u00e9tablissements d\u2019enseignement sup\u00e9rieur. Le fait d\u2019effectuer une partie ou la totalit\u00e9 des \u00e9tudes \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger est per\u00e7u comme une opportunit\u00e9 d\u2019accro\u00eetre le capital humain des \u00e9tudiants et leur employabilit\u00e9 sur un march\u00e9 du travail international devenu plus concurrentiel et flexible. Toutefois, lorsque l\u2019on observe la situation de la majorit\u00e9 des \u00e9tudiants en provenance des pays africains et latino-am\u00e9ricains dans les \u00c9tats europ\u00e9ens, on constate une pr\u00e9carisation de leurs conditions de vie pendant les ann\u00e9es de formation, ceci tant sur le plan du statut juridique que sur le plan socio\u00e9conomique, ce qui peut avoir des effets sur leur rendement acad\u00e9mique. De plus, certains \u00c9tats n\u2019autorisent pas ou limitent l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019emploi de ces \u00e9tudiants une fois leur formation achev\u00e9e. Ils\u00a0ne peuvent souvent pas non plus trouver un travail en lien avec leur dipl\u00f4me dans leur pays d\u2019origine. Ainsi, plut\u00f4t que l\u2019accroissement de leur employabilit\u00e9, on observe\u00adrait un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne de gaspillage de cerveaux ou alors une mobilit\u00e9 plus ou moins contrainte vers des \u00c9tats tiers, notamment d\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Nord ou d\u2019Oc\u00e9anie, o\u00f9 les risques de d\u00e9qualification sont aussi bien pr\u00e9sents. En contrepoint des rapports Nord-Sud, souvent envisag\u00e9s en termes de \u00ab\u00a0brain drain\u00a0\u00bb ou de \u00ab\u00a0brain gain\u00a0\u00bb, cet article s\u2019interroge sur l\u2019\u00e9mergence d\u2019un troisi\u00e8me processus, le \u00ab\u00a0brain waste\u00a0\u00bb.
\nLe mat\u00e9riel empirique est compos\u00e9 d\u2019entretiens qualitatifs avec 64 \u00e9tudiants interview\u00e9s dans une premi\u00e8re phase, puis dans une deuxi\u00e8me phase, avec 22 dipl\u00f4m\u00e9s de la HES-SO originaires de l\u2019Afrique et de l\u2019Am\u00e9rique latine et ayant suivi principalement les fili\u00e8res de sant\u00e9 et des ing\u00e9nieurs des Cantons de Gen\u00e8ve et de Vaud qui sont celles qui accueillent le plus grand nombre d\u2019\u00e9tudiants \u00e9trangers.<\/p>\n

\n

Mots-cl\u00e9s<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u00e9tudiants africains<\/span><\/li>\n
  • latino-am\u00e9ricains<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Suisse<\/span><\/li>\n
  • pr\u00e9carit\u00e9<\/span><\/li>\n
  • employabilit\u00e9<\/span><\/li>\n
  • mobilit\u00e9 internationale<\/span><\/li>\n
  • brain waste<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Author(s) : Claudio Bolzman, Ibrahima Guiss\u00e9 Source : https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3917\/jim.005.0133 Abstract:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[48,239,7,496,497,240,52,55,261,388,102,150,290,84],"class_list":["post-1882","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-education","tag-48","tag-africans","tag-article","tag-brain-waste","tag-education-mobility","tag-employment","tag-french-language","tag-high-skilled-immigrants","tag-latin-americans","tag-livelihoods","tag-poverty","tag-precarious-employment","tag-students","tag-unemployment"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1882","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1882"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1882\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1882"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1882"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/swissmig.unine.ch\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1882"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}